The legislation, which applies to both existing small quantum computers (which are deemed to serve no practical purpose) and larger ones that are yet to be developed, has effectively made their export impossible.

Unfortunately, there are serious concerns that these limits could not only hinder sales but also add a significant amount of unnecessary bureaucracy to an industry that is still in its nascent stage.

According to The Telegraph, the technology now falls under the category of "dual-use" items, which could have military applications. The Export Control Joint Unit oversees the sale of sensitive goods, and quantum computing has been added to their watchlist. Last year's national quantum computer strategy emphasised its critical importance for defence and national security, positioning the UK in a global race to develop this cutting-edge technology.

These changes align with broader updates to export rules, agreed upon by Western allies, including the US and central European countries. Several nations, well-versed in quantum computer technologies, have implemented specific restrictions. France, for instance, introduced its own rules earlier this month.

Quantum UK, a prominent industry body, has voiced its concerns about the potential impact of further export controls. These measures might even discourage US companies from considering the UK as a potential relocation destination.

Previously, quantum computer exports required licenses only in cases likely to involve military use. Oxford Instruments, a well-known player in the quantum realm, has already reported sales challenges in China due to the increasing restrictions.

James Lindop from law firm Eversheds Sutherland highlighted the strategic importance of semiconductor and quantum technologies to UK national security. However, he acknowledged that these restrictions would burden businesses developing and producing targeted technologies.